Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF)

Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion offers a stable, long-term solution for chronic lower back pain by restoring spine alignment and relieving nerve compression.

Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) Restoring Strength and Stability

At Core Alliance, we specialize in advanced spine procedures that help patients overcome chronic pain and return to daily life with greater mobility and ease. Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF) is one of the most effective surgical techniques for addressing lumbar instability, nerve compression, and degenerative disc disease.

Dr. Aron Rovner—a board-certified, fellowship-trained spine surgeon with over two decades of experience—performs this procedure using minimally invasive techniques tailored to your condition. Schedule your consultation today to learn if TLIF is the right solution for your spine health.

What Is Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion?

Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion, or TLIF, is a spinal fusion surgery used to treat chronic lower back pain caused by structural problems in the lumbar spine. These issues may include herniated discs, spinal stenosis, spondylolisthesis, or degenerative disc disease. TLIF involves removing a damaged disc and inserting a bone graft or spacer between the vertebrae to stabilize the spine and relieve pressure on surrounding nerves.

The term “transforaminal” refers to the surgical approach. Surgeons access the spine from one side of the back, through the foramen (the opening where nerves exit the spinal column).

This angled approach allows for direct visualization of the disc and nerve roots while minimizing disruption to nearby muscles and tissues.

Once the disc is removed and the graft is placed, screws and rods are used to support the spine while the bones fuse together over time.

TLIF can be performed using traditional open surgery or minimally invasive techniques, depending on your unique anatomy and surgical needs.

Benefits of TLIF

TLIF offers a number of important benefits for patients seeking long-term relief from debilitating lower back pain. These include:

Reduction or elimination of nerve pain: By decompressing nerve roots, TLIF can relieve pain, tingling, and numbness in the legs or lower back.
Improved spinal stability: The procedure restores support and alignment in the lumbar spine, reducing the risk of further injury or degeneration.
Preservation of surrounding muscles and tissue: The transforaminal approach avoids unnecessary damage to muscles, which can lead to faster recovery and less postoperative discomfort.
Improved mobility and daily function: Patients often experience greater flexibility, strength, and comfort when performing everyday activities.
Durable results: TLIF offers long-term pain relief and structural stability, helping patients avoid repeated interventions.

Who Is a Good Candidate for TLIF?

TLIF is generally recommended for patients with lower back pain and neurological symptoms caused by disc damage or spinal instability. Candidates may have a diagnosis of spondylolisthesis, spinal stenosis, a recurrent disc herniation, or degenerative disc disease that has not responded to conservative treatments. Many individuals report symptoms such as leg pain, numbness, weakness, or difficulty walking.

Ideal candidates are those who have exhausted non-surgical treatments like physical therapy, injections, or medication. They should also be healthy enough to undergo surgery and committed to following postoperative care instructions. A thorough evaluation with a spine specialist is the first step to determine whether TLIF is appropriate for your condition and lifestyle.

Your Consultation

During your consultation at Core Alliance, Dr. Rovner will evaluate your medical history, symptoms, and imaging studies. He will walk you through your diagnosis, discuss all treatment options—including non-surgical approaches—and help you make an informed decision about your care plan. For added flexibility, we offer both in-person and virtual consultations.

"I had an amazing experience with Dr. Rovner. I had been dealing with hip pain for 3 years. He was available for a consultation right away. He has a great bedside manner. He explained everything in great detail. His team is also very helpful. They got me scheduled for an injection in a timely manner. The ambulatory service brought me to the surgical center, and I was seen right away. I was home in my bed in a couple of hours. And most importantly, my hip pain is gone!! I strongly recommend Dr Rovner."

– Tetyana Koulikova

Schedule A Consultation Tailored Solutions for Every Spine

What to Expect During Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

TLIF is typically performed under general anesthesia in a hospital or outpatient surgical facility. A small incision is made in the lower back, usually off to one side. Through this incision, the surgeon carefully removes the affected disc and decompresses any pinched nerves.

Next, a bone graft or implant is placed in the disc space to promote fusion between the adjacent vertebrae. Metal screws and rods are inserted to stabilize the spine during healing.

In minimally invasive cases, tubular retractors and specialized instruments are used to reduce tissue damage.

The procedure usually takes two to three hours. Most patients stay in the hospital for one to two nights, depending on the complexity of the surgery and their overall health.

What Is the Recovery Like After Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion?

Recovery from TLIF varies from patient to patient, but most individuals are up and walking within 24 hours. A back brace may be recommended to support the spine during healing. Some discomfort is normal, but pain typically improves within the first few weeks.

Physical therapy often begins after the initial healing phase to rebuild strength, flexibility, and core stability. Many patients return to work or routine activities within six to twelve weeks, although full fusion may take several months. Dr. Rovner will monitor your progress through regular follow-up visits.

What Is the Cost of TLIF Surgery?

The cost of TLIF can vary depending on the complexity of the procedure, the number of levels treated, and your insurance coverage. Core Alliance accepts most PPO insurance plans and will help you verify your benefits and understand any out-of-pocket costs before surgery is scheduled.

Alternatives to Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

Before recommending surgery, Dr. Rovner will consider all conservative treatments that may be appropriate for your condition. These may include physical therapy, spinal injections, anti-inflammatory medications, or bracing.

In some cases, alternative surgical options—such as ALIF (anterior lumbar interbody fusion), PLIF (posterior lumbar interbody fusion), or endoscopic discectomy—may be discussed. Every treatment plan is personalized based on your anatomy, symptoms, and health goals.

Client Testimonials

Real stories. Real results. Discover how other patients found relief and a return to active living through our expert spine care.

Read More Testimonials

Dr Rovner is not only incredibly knowledgeable and thorough, but also a compassionate and caring doctor. He explained everything and made me feel comfortable and at ease. I woul...

–Ina Pllumbi

Had a great experience! No wait time for my virtual appointment. Dr. Rovner listened to my issues and came up with an appropriate treatment plan. Receiving my medication and PT ...

–Gina Forlani

Dr. Rovner has excellent bedside manners, he is knowledgeable and caring, and provided thorough and accurate care. I always felt comfortable asking questions and discussing my c...

–Tiffany Carrasquillo

Dr. Rovner was a pleasure to talk to regarding my various injuries. He outlined all the options I have and was patient with my questions. Highly recommended if you’re look...

–Jitin Dodd

My husband has had a great experience with the doctor and his prompt attention to questions and jumping on a call. Probably the most responsive doctor we’ve ever dealt wit...

–Alexa Turck

Dr Rovner was very kind and knowledgeable! I would totally recommend him! He had Immediate next steps and was extremely communicative.

–Joyce PorrasTapia

Loved consulting with Dr Ronver for my shoulder pain . Easy appointments and quick diagnosis. Loved the fact that he’s easily reachable and his deep Explanations in every ...

–Jairesh Mohan

Convenient scheduling and communication from a competent and caring team. Dr. Rovner and Erica were very helpful and assisted me through my treatment options and coordination of...

–Dana Manza

They were amazing just a week after my surgery and I'm feeling better than before it. They have been very clear on every step of the way and answered all my questions.

–Gery Evans

Love Dr.Rovner and his staff!! Always there to help with anything needed. Dr. Rovner is an incredibly skilled surgeon, he’s kind and passionate about his work and helping ...

–Valeria Gervasi

Dr. Rovner was very helpful with my issue and is very nice and welcoming

–Brayden Seaman

I've been going to NY Spine and Sports Surgery for over 10 years. I've always had a great experience with Dr. Rovner and his staff. Everyone is very helpful and caring. I would ...

–Bhagmattie Ram

Excellent bedside manner and speedy treatment options!

–B.K.

The staff is very nice and courteous Dr. Rovner is the BEST !

–Leticia Mitchell

The place is very good, I recommend it.

–Jose Orellana

Why Choose Core Alliance?

At Core Alliance, we deliver expert spinal care without the delays and impersonal experience of large hospital systems. Dr. Aron Rovner is a board-certified, fellowship-trained orthopedic spine surgeon who combines surgical precision with a compassionate, patient-first approach. Contact us today to explore whether TLIF is the right next step in your treatment journey.

Frequently Asked Questions TLIF

How long does it take for the bones to fuse after TLIF?

Bone fusion typically occurs over three to six months. Your surgeon will monitor your progress through imaging and follow-up exams.

Will I lose flexibility after TLIF?

Some loss of flexibility at the fused level is expected, but most patients maintain good overall motion—especially if only one or two levels are fused.

Can TLIF be performed as a minimally invasive procedure?

Yes. Many TLIF procedures are now done using minimally invasive techniques, which can reduce scarring, blood loss, and recovery time.

Will I need physical therapy after surgery?

Yes. Physical therapy is a key part of your recovery and helps restore strength, improve range of motion, and prevent future injuries.

Is TLIF covered by insurance?

TLIF is usually covered by insurance when deemed medically necessary. Our team will handle all pre-authorizations and help you understand your coverage.